BSI PD IEC/TR 61282-13:2014
$198.66
Fibre optic communication system design guides – Guidance on in-service PMD and CD characterization of fibre optic links
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2014 | 52 |
This part of IEC 61282, which is a technical report, presents general information about inservice measurements of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and chromatic dispersion (CD) in fibre optic links. It describes the background and need for these measurements, the various methods and techniques developed thus far, and their possible implementations for practical applications.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 4 | CONTENTS |
| 6 | FOREWORD |
| 8 | INTRODUCTION |
| 9 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Symbols, acronyms and abbreviated terms |
| 11 | 4 Background Figures Figure 1 – Out-of-service fibre characterization with broadband optical probe signal |
| 12 | Figure 2 – In-service fibre characterization with non-intrusive method |
| 13 | Figure 3 – Semi-intrusive in-service fibre characterization using narrowband probe signal |
| 14 | 5 Non-intrusive fibre characterization 5.1 PMD measurement via polarization-sensitive spectral analysis 5.1.1 Introductory remark |
| 15 | 5.1.2 Measurement principle |
| 16 | Figure 4 – Rayleigh PDF for Δτ eff compared with Maxwellian PDF for Δτ |
| 17 | 5.1.3 Methods for measuring Δτ eff via polarization analysis Figure 5 – PMD-induced polarization rotation within the spectrum of a modulated signal |
| 18 | Figure 6 – Set-up for measuring PMD-induced polarization rotations in optical signals Figure 7 – Modified set-up for measuring PMD-induced polarization rotations |
| 19 | Figure 8 – Sequence of polarization transformations leading to a scan with Pp ≈ Ps at ν =0 (left) and corresponding power ratios (right) |
| 20 | Figure 9 – Sequence of polarization transformations with Pp ≈ Ps at ν =0 (left) and corresponding rotation angles (right) |
| 21 | 5.1.4 Measurement accuracy |
| 23 | 5.1.5 Measurement set-up example Figure 10 – Apparatus using coherent detection to measure Δτ eff |
| 24 | 5.2 CD and PMD measurements based on high-speed intensity detection 5.2.1 Introductory remark |
| 25 | Figure 11 – Apparatus for GVD measurements in a transmitted signalusing a high-speed receiver with time-domain waveform analysis or, alternatively, RF spectrum analysis |
| 26 | 5.2.2 Asynchronous waveform sampling Figure 12 – Set-up for determining the sign of the GVD in the fibre link with an additional optical CD element of known GVD magnitude and sign |
| 27 | Figure 13 – Asynchronous sampling of the waveform of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal |
| 28 | Figure 14 – Asynchronously sampled waveform histograms of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal without dispersion, with 1 000 ps/nm GVD, and with 48 ps DGD Figure 15 – Asynchronous waveform analysis with two successive samples per symbol period |
| 29 | Figure 16 – Apparatus for asynchronous waveform analysis with time-delayed dual sampling |
| 30 | Figure 17 – Phase portraits of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal with various amounts of GVD and DGD |
| 31 | 5.2.3 RF spectral analysis Figure 18 – Phase portraits of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal where in the timedelay between each sample pair is set to half the symbol period |
| 32 | Figure 19 – RF spectra of directly detected 10 Gbit/s NRZ- and RZ-OOK signals distorted by various amounts of GVD Figure 20 – Magnitude of the clock frequency component in the RF spectraof 10 Gbit/s NRZ- and RZ-OOK signals as a function of GVD |
| 33 | Figure 21 – Impact of PMD on the RF spectra of directly detected 10 Gbit/s NRZ- and RZ-OOK signals Figure 22 – Apparatus for simultaneous GVD and DGD measurements on NRZ- or RZ-OOK signals using separate detectors for upper and lower modulation sidebands |
| 34 | 5.3 CD and PMD measurements based on high-speed coherent detection 5.3.1 Introductory remark Figure 23 – Optical filtering of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal for separate detectionof upper and lower modulation sidebands |
| 35 | 5.3.2 Heterodyne detection 5.3.3 Direct detection with optical CD or PMD compensation Figure 24 – RF power spectrum of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal detected with an optical heterodyne receiver |
| 36 | Figure 25 – Apparatus for measuring GVD with calibrated optical CD compensator |
| 37 | 5.3.4 Electronic CD and PMD compensation in intradyne coherent receiver Figure 26 – Apparatus for measuring PMD with calibrated optical DGD compensator |
| 38 | Figure 27 – Coherent optical receiver with high-speed digital signal processing and electronic CD and PMD compensation |
| 39 | 6 Semi-intrusive fibre characterization with special probe signals 6.1 CD measurement using multi-tone probe signal 6.1.1 Introductory remark 6.1.2 Differential phase shift method with narrowband probe signals |
| 40 | Figure 28 – Spectrum of an amplitude modulated dual-wavelength probe signal |
| 41 | Figure 29 – Signal generator and analyser for dual-wavelength probe signal Figure 30 – Four-wavelength probe signal generator using high-speed modulator |
| 42 | Figure 31 – Example of end-to-end CD measurements in 6 unused WDM channels |
| 43 | 6.1.3 Issues of transmitting alien probe signals Figure 32 – In-service CD measurement with broadband probe signal |
| 44 | 6.1.4 Exemplary procedure for in-service CD measurements Figure 33 – Modified dual-wavelength probe signal with un-modulated carrier |
| 45 | 6.2 PMD measurement with special probe signals 6.2.1 Introductory remark 6.2.2 Probe signal generator for PMD measurements |
| 46 | Figure 34 – Probe signal generator for PMD measurements |
| 47 | Bibliography |
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