BS EN 12485:2017
$215.11
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. Calcium carbonate, high-calcium lime, half-burnt dolomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium carbonate and dolomitic lime. Test methods
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2017 | 76 |
This European Standard specifies the methods used for the chemical analyses and the determination of physical properties of calcium carbonate, high-calcium lime, half-burnt dolomite, magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium carbonate and dolomitic lime used to treat water for human consumption. This document specifies the reference methods and, in certain cases, an alternative method which can be considered to be equivalent. Any other methods may be used provided they are calibrated, either against the reference methods or against internationally accepted reference materials, in order to demonstrate their equivalence.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | National foreword |
| 9 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 General requirements 3.1 Number of determinations |
| 10 | 3.2 Methods for analysis |
| 12 | 3.3 Sample preparation 3.4 Reagents |
| 13 | 3.5 Glassware 3.6 Expression of results |
| 14 | 3.7 Repeatability and reproducibility limits 3.8 Test report 4 Determination of screen oversize of high-calcium lime 4.1 Air-jet sieving method 4.1.1 General 4.1.2 Apparatus |
| 15 | 4.1.3 Procedure |
| 16 | 4.1.4 Expression of results 4.2 Wet sieving method 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 Apparatus |
| 17 | 4.2.3 Procedure 4.2.4 Expression of results 5 Preparation of test solutions 5.1 Fusion with lithium tetraborate 5.1.1 General |
| 18 | 5.1.2 Principle 5.1.3 Reagents 5.1.4 Apparatus 5.1.5 Procedure 5.2 Extraction with hydrochloric acid 5.2.1 General 5.2.2 Principle 5.2.3 Reagents |
| 19 | 5.2.4 Apparatus 5.2.5 Procedure 5.3 Microwave digestion with nitric acid 5.3.1 General 5.3.2 Principle 5.3.3 Reagents 5.3.4 Apparatus |
| 20 | 5.3.5 Procedure 5.4 Pressurized digestion with nitric acid 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 Principle 5.4.3 Reagent 5.4.4 Apparatus 5.4.5 Procedure |
| 21 | 6 Conventional methods of determining major and minor constituents 6.1 Determination of free water 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Principle 6.1.3 Apparatus 6.1.4 Procedure 6.1.4.1 Hydrated high-calcium lime, calcium carbonate, calcium magnesium carbonate and calcium magnesium dihydroxide oxide 6.1.4.2 Milk of lime |
| 22 | 6.1.5 Expression of results 6.2 Loss on ignition at 550 °C 6.2.1 General 6.2.2 Principle 6.2.3 Apparatus 6.2.4 Procedure 6.2.5 Expression of results |
| 23 | 6.3 Determination of carbon dioxide 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Principle 6.3.3 Apparatus 6.3.4 Procedure 6.3.5 Expression of results |
| 24 | 6.4 Determination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid 6.4.1 General 6.4.2 Principle 6.4.3 Reagents 6.4.4 Apparatus 6.4.5 Procedure 6.4.6 Expression of results |
| 25 | 6.5 Determination of content of water soluble calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide (reference method) 6.5.1 General 6.5.2 Principle 6.5.3 Reagents 6.5.4 Apparatus 6.5.5 Procedure 6.5.5.1 High-calcium lime |
| 26 | 6.5.5.2 Hydrated high-calcium lime 6.5.5.3 Milk of lime 6.5.5.4 Determination 6.5.6 Expression of results |
| 27 | 6.6 Determination of sugar soluble calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide (alternative method) 6.6.1 General 6.6.2 Principle 6.6.3 Reagents 6.6.4 Apparatus |
| 28 | 6.6.5 Procedure 6.6.5.1 For quicklime 6.6.5.2 For hydrated lime 6.6.6 Sugar extraction 6.6.7 Determination 6.6.8 Expression of results 6.7 Water-insoluble matter 6.7.1 General |
| 29 | 6.7.2 Principle 6.7.3 Apparatus 6.7.4 Procedure 6.7.5 Expression of results 6.7.5.1 Pulverized and granular high-calcium lime, hydrated high-calcium lime 6.7.5.2 Milk of lime 6.8 Determination of free CaO 6.8.1 General |
| 30 | 6.8.2 Principle 6.8.3 Reagents 6.8.4 Apparatus 6.8.5 Procedure 6.8.6 Expression of results 6.9 Determination of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide 6.9.1 General |
| 31 | 6.9.2 Principle 6.9.3 Reagents |
| 32 | 6.9.4 Apparatus 6.9.5 Procedure 6.9.5.1 Determination of CaO 6.9.5.2 Determination of total CaO and MgO content |
| 33 | 6.9.6 Expression of results 6.10 Determination of sulfate 6.10.1 General 6.10.2 Principle |
| 34 | 6.10.3 Reagents 6.10.4 Apparatus 6.10.5 Procedure |
| 35 | 6.10.6 Expression of results 6.11 Determination of solubility index by conductivity 6.11.1 General 6.11.2 Principle 6.11.3 Reagents |
| 36 | 6.11.4 Apparatus 6.11.5 Procedure 6.11.5.1 Preparation of the equipment 6.11.5.2 Measurement of homogenization time 6.11.5.3 Determination of dissolution speed |
| 37 | 6.11.6 Evaluation 6.11.6.1 The starting time (t = 0) and the definition of the end point of conductivity 6.11.6.2 Evaluation of conductivity vs. time graphs and calculation of results |
| 38 | 6.12 Calculation of the composition of a commercial product 6.12.1 General 6.12.2 Calculations 6.12.2.1 Values for calcium carbonate 6.12.2.2 Values for calcium magnesium carbonate 6.12.2.3 Values for half-burnt dolomite |
| 39 | 6.12.2.4 Values for high-calcium lime 6.12.2.5 Values for magnesium oxide 6.12.2.6 Values for dolomitic lime |
| 40 | 7 Determination of constituents by modern techniques 7.1 Determination of minor constituents by AAS flame technique 7.1.1 General |
| 41 | 7.1.2 Reagents |
| 42 | 7.1.3 Apparatus 7.1.4 Interferences 7.1.5 Procedure 7.1.5.1 Spectrometer settings 7.1.5.2 Calibration 7.1.5.3 Determination |
| 43 | 7.1.6 Calculation and expression of results 7.1.6.1 Calibration graph 7.1.6.2 Expression of results |
| 44 | 7.2 Determination of major and minor constituents by ICP-OES 7.2.1 General |
| 45 | 7.2.2 Reagents 7.2.3 Apparatus |
| 46 | 7.2.4 Spectral interferences 7.2.4.1 Line coincidences 7.2.4.2 Band coincidences 7.2.4.3 Background effects 7.2.4.4 Line reversal 7.2.4.5 Spurious radiation |
| 47 | 7.2.5 Non spectral interferences 7.2.5.1 Interference due to physical properties of solutions 7.2.5.2 Interference due to sediments 7.2.5.3 Interference due to entrainment 7.2.6 Methods of eliminating or reducing interferences 7.2.6.1 Spectral interferences 7.2.6.2 Non spectral interferences 7.2.7 Procedure 7.2.7.1 Spectrometer settings |
| 48 | 7.2.7.2 Calibration 7.2.7.3 Determination using an internal standard 7.2.7.4 Determination 7.2.8 Calculation and expression of results 7.2.8.1 Calibration graph |
| 49 | 7.2.8.2 Expression of results 8 Determination of chemical parameters 8.1 Determination of lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel by AAS graphite tube technique 8.1.1 General |
| 50 | 8.1.2 Reagents |
| 51 | 8.1.3 Apparatus 8.1.4 Interferences |
| 52 | 8.1.5 Procedure 8.1.5.1 Spectrometer setting 8.1.5.2 Calibration and analysis of test solution by the calibration curve method 8.1.5.3 Analysis of the test solution by the standard addition method 8.1.6 Calculation and expression of results 8.1.6.1 Calibration graph 8.1.6.2 Calculation by the calibration graph method |
| 53 | 8.1.6.3 Calculation by the standard addition method |
| 55 | 8.2 Determination of lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel by ICP-OES 8.2.1 General 8.2.2 Reagents |
| 56 | 8.2.3 Apparatus 8.2.4 Spectral interferences 8.2.4.1 Line coincidences 8.2.4.2 Band coincidences 8.2.4.3 Background effects 8.2.4.4 Line reversal |
| 57 | 8.2.4.5 Spurious radiation 8.2.5 Non spectral interferences 8.2.5.1 Interference due to matrix effects 8.2.5.2 Interference due to sediments 8.2.5.3 Interference due to entrainment 8.2.6 Methods of eliminating or reducing interferences 8.2.6.1 Spectral interferences 8.2.6.2 Non spectral interferences 8.2.7 Procedure 8.2.7.1 Spectrometer settings 8.2.7.2 Calibration 8.2.7.3 Determination using an internal standard |
| 58 | 8.2.7.4 Determination 8.2.8 Calculation and expression of results 8.2.8.1 Calibration graph 8.2.8.2 Calculation by the calibration graph method |
| 59 | 8.3 Determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium by AAS hydride technique 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Reagents |
| 60 | 8.3.3 Apparatus 8.3.4 Interferences |
| 61 | 8.3.5 Procedure 8.3.5.1 Spectrometer settings 8.3.5.2 Calibration and analysis of the test solution by the calibration curve method 8.3.5.3 Analysis of test solution by the standard addition method |
| 62 | 8.3.6 Expression of results 8.4 Determination of mercury by cold-vapour technique 8.4.1 General |
| 63 | 8.4.2 Reagents 8.4.3 Apparatus |
| 64 | 8.4.4 Interferences 8.4.5 Procedure 8.4.5.1 Spectrometer settings 8.4.5.2 Analysis of test solution by calibration curve method 8.4.5.3 Analysis of test solution by standard addition method |
| 65 | 8.4.6 Expression of results |
| 66 | Annex A (informative) Analytical scheme |
| 73 | Annex B (informative)Precision data for the test methods |
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