BIFMA G1 2013
$81.25
BIFMA G1-2013 Ergonomics Guideline for Furniture Used in Office Work Spaces Designed for Computer Use
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BIFMA | 2013 | 131 |
The purpose of this Guideline is to provide guidance to designers and specifiers in developing, designing and specifying ergonomic solutions for computer workspaces in North America. The relevant measurable ergonomic principles and design requirements are found in ISO 9241-303 and 9241-5. The dimensions and adjustment ranges of components are based on the anthropometric data provided in CAESAR (June 2002), weighted to the United States population demographics from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 datasets. Other tasks may require considerations not addressed in this Guideline. Proper application of ISO?s principles will enhance the performance and comfort of computer users. The more intensive the computer usage, the more important adherence to these principles becomes. This Guideline is intended for use by: BIFMA Members and other Furniture Manufacturers Interior Designers/Architects/Specifiers/Industrial Designers Facility and Purchasing Managers Ergonomists, Industrial Hygienists, Occupational Therapists, Health Care Providers Testing Laboratories Furniture Dealers and their clients Other professionals involved in the design, manufacturing, specifying, qualifying and purchasing of office furniture for computer work spaces Note: G1 is a Guideline not a Standard; the dimensions given within the G1 document are recommendations not requirements. The committee intends this document to be primarily used to give design guidance to manufacturers of furniture to be used in office workspaces. It is expected that specifiers/customers will want to use this document to determine their purchasing specifications. It should be noted that this document does not make specific recommendations for some product dimensions. This is due to the complexities inherent in some of these areas; they are presented in the G1’s discussion sections. In some cases, a manufacturer will provide information pertaining to the percentile of the user population their product(s) will accommodate.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | Cover |
| 2 | Preamble |
| 3 | Table of Contents |
| 7 | 1 FOREWARD |
| 9 | 2 SCOPE 3 PRODUCT EVALUATION STATEMENTS |
| 10 | 4 LIMITATIONS |
| 11 | 5 DEFINITIONS |
| 15 | 6 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 6.1 GUIDELINE LAYOUT 6.2 ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA SOURCE |
| 16 | 6.3 CHAIR MEASUREMENT |
| 17 | 6.4 MEASUREMENT TOLERANCE Figures FIGURE 1 โ CMD (BIFMA – CHAIR MEASURING DEVICE) |
| 18 | 6.5 WORKING POSTURES FIGURE 2 โ TYPICAL WORKING POSTURES |
| 19 | 7 THE WORK CHAIR 7.1 SEAT 7.1.1 Seat Height |
| 20 | FIGURE 3 โ POPLITEAL HEIGHT Tables TABLE 1 SEAT HEIGHT |
| 22 | 7.1.2 Seat Depth |
| 23 | FIGURE 4 โ BUTTOCK-POPLITEAL LENGTH TABLE 2 SEAT DEPTH |
| 24 | 7.1.3 Seat Width |
| 25 | FIGURE 5 โ HIP BREADTH, SITTING TABLE 3 HIP BREADTH, SITTING |
| 28 | 7.1.4 Seat Pan Angle |
| 29 | 7.2 BACKREST 7.2.1 Backrest Height |
| 30 | FIGURE 6 โ TENTH RIB MIDSPINE, SITTING FIGURE 7 โ ACROMIAL HEIGHT, SITTING |
| 31 | TABLE 4 TENTH RIB MIDSPINE, SITTING TABLE 5 ACROMIAL HEIGHT, SITTING |
| 32 | 7.2.2 Backrest Width |
| 33 | FIGURE 8 โ BI-CRISTALE BREADTH, STANDING TABLE 6 BI-CRISTALE BREADTH, STANDING |
| 34 | 7.2.3 Lumbar Support |
| 36 | 7.3 MOVEMENTS OF THE SEAT PAN AND BACKREST |
| 38 | 7.4 ARMRESTS 7.4.1 Armrest Height |
| 39 | FIGURE 9 โ ELBOW HEIGHT, SITTING TABLE 7 ELBOW HEIGHT, SITTING |
| 41 | 7.4.2 Armrest Length and Position FIGURE 10 โ ABDOMINAL EXTENSION DEPTH |
| 42 | TABLE 8 ABDOMINAL EXTENSION DEPTH |
| 43 | 7.4.3 Inside Distance Between Armrests — Sitting |
| 44 | FIGURE 11 โ HIP BREADTH, SITTING TABLE 9 HIP BREADTH, SITTING |
| 47 | 8 WORK SURFACES |
| 48 | 8.1 CLEARANCES UNDER WORK SURFACES FOR SEATED WORK 8.1.1 Height Clearance for Legs – Sitting FIGURE 12 โ THIGH HEIGHT |
| 49 | FIGURE 13 โ POPLITEAL HEIGHT |
| 50 | FIGURE 14 โ KNEE HEIGHT TABLE 10 HEIGHT CLEARANCE FOR LEGS AT THE FRONT EDGE OF THE WORK SURFACE – SITTING |
| 51 | TABLE 11 HEIGHT CLEARANCE FOR KNEES – SITTING |
| 52 | 8.1.2 Depth Clearance for Knees – Sitting |
| 53 | FIGURE 15 โ BUTTOCK-KNEE LENGTH FIGURE 16 โ ABDOMINAL EXTENSION DEPTH |
| 54 | TABLE 12 DEPTH CLEARANCE FOR KNEES – SITTING |
| 55 | 8.1.3 Width Clearance for Legs – Sitting |
| 56 | FIGURE 17 โ BI-LATERAL FEMORAL EPICONDYLE BREADTH, SITTING TABLE 13 WIDTH CLEARANCE FOR LEGS |
| 57 | 8.1.4 Height Clearance at Foot Level – Sitting |
| 58 | FIGURE 18 โ LATERAL MALLEOLUS HEIGHT TABLE 14 HEIGHT CLEARANCE AT FOOT LEVEL |
| 59 | 8.1.5 Depth Clearance at Foot Level – Sitting |
| 60 | FIGURE 19 โ BUTTOCK-POPLITEAL LENGTH |
| 61 | FIGURE 20 โ FOOT LENGTH FIGURE 21 โ ABDOMINAL EXTENSION DEPTH |
| 62 | TABLE 15 DEPTH CLEARANCE AT FOOT LEVEL |
| 64 | 8.1.6 Summary of Clearances Under Work Surfaces for Seated Work FIGURE 22 โ SEATED CLEARANCE ENVELOPE BASED ON 95TH PERCENTILE MALE DIMENSIONS TABLE 16 CLEARANCE ENVELOPE FOR SEATED WORK |
| 65 | 8.2 CLEARANCES UNDER WORK SURFACES FOR STANDING WORK 8.2.1 Height Clearance for Feet – Standing FIGURE 23 โ LATERAL MALLEOLUS HEIGHT |
| 66 | TABLE 17 HEIGHT CLEARANCE FOR FEET |
| 67 | 8.2.2 Depth Clearance for Feet – Standing |
| 68 | 8.2.3 Width Clearance for Feet – Standing FIGURE 24 โ HIP BREADTH, SITTING |
| 69 | TABLE 18 HIP BREADTH, SITTING |
| 70 | 8.2.4 Summary of Clearances Under Work Surfaces for Standing Work FIGURE 25 โ CLEARANCE AT FEET ENVELOPE, STANDING TABLE 19 CLEARANCE ENVELOPE FOR STANDING WORK |
| 71 | 8.3 SUPPORT SURFACE HEIGHTS FOR INPUT DEVICES FOR SEATED AND STANDING WORK 8.3.1 Support Surface Height for Input Devices – Sitting |
| 72 | FIGURE 26 โ POPLITEAL HEIGHT FIGURE 27 โ ELBOW HEIGHT, SITTING |
| 73 | TABLE 20 INPUT DEVICES SUPPORT SURFACE HEIGHT FOR SEATED WORK |
| 75 | FIGURE 28 โ FOREARM TO THIGH SPACE |
| 76 | 8.3.2 Support Surface Height for Input Devices – Standing FIGURE 29 โ ELBOW HEIGHT, STANDING |
| 77 | TABLE 21 INPUT DEVICES SUPPORT SURFACE HEIGHT FOR STANDING WORK |
| 78 | 8.4 Monitor Placement |
| 79 | 8.4.1 Distance to Monitor – Sitting or Standing |
| 81 | 8.4.2 Monitor Height Range – Sitting and Standing FIGURE 30 โ SEATED VERTICAL VIEWING ANGLES FIGURE 31 โ OPTIMUM HORIZONTAL POSITION OF MONITOR SITTING & STANDING |
| 82 | FIGURE 32 โ OPTIMUM VERTICAL POSITION OF MONITOR STANDING |
| 83 | FIGURE 33 โ EYE HEIGHT, SITTING |
| 84 | FIGURE 34 โ POPLITEAL HEIGHT TABLE 22 MONITOR HEIGHT (FROM FLOOR), SITTING |
| 85 | TABLE 23 MONITOR HEIGHT (FROM FLOOR), STANDING |
| 87 | 9 OTHER RELATED TOPICS 9.1 LAPTOPS |
| 89 | FIGURE 35 โ NON-RECOMMENDED LAPTOP POSITIONING FIGURE 36 โ RECOMMENDED LAPTOP POSITIONING |
| 90 | 9.2 MULTIPLE MONITORS |
| 93 | 10 SUMMARY OF GUIDELINE – DIMENSIONS & ADJUSTMENT RANGES |
| 95 | 11 OTHER RELEVANT PRINCIPLES FROM ISO 9241-5 |
| 97 | 12 RECOMMENDED READING |
| 99 | APPENDIX A โ ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGY |
| 101 | TABLE A1 NATICK VS CAESAR ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS |
| 103 | FIGURE A1 โ 5-ZONE STRATIFICATION FIGURE A2 โ 16-ZONE STRATIFICATION |
| 104 | TABLE A2 16-ZONE VARIABLES AND CATEGORIES |
| 105 | TABLE A3 WHITE FEMALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS TABLE A4 BLACK FEMALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS |
| 106 | TABLE A5 OTHER FEMALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS TABLE A6 WHITE MALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS |
| 107 | TABLE A7 BLACK MALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS TABLE A8 OTHER MALE CAESAR SUBJECT STRATIFICATION WEIGHTS |
| 110 | APPENDIX B1 โ EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ MALES / METRIC TABLE B1 EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ MALE / METRIC |
| 112 | APPENDIX B2 โ EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ FEMALES / METRIC TABLE B2 EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ FEMALE / METRIC |
| 114 | APPENDIX B3 โ EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ MALES / ENGLISH TABLE B3 EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ MALE / ENGLISH |
| 116 | APPENDIX B4 โ EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ FEMALES / ENGLISH TABLE B4 EMPIRICAL PERCENTILE TABLES โ FEMALE / ENGLISH |
| 118 | PREFACE TO APPENDIX C FROM THE BIFMA G1 ERGONOMICS SUBCOMMITTEE |
| 119 | APPENDIX C โ INFORMATIVE โ MULTIVARIATE CONSIDERATIONS IN SELECTING CHAIR DIMENSIONS BASED ON ANTHROPOMETRY |
| 121 | FIGURE C1 โ BIVARIATE DISTRIBUTION |
| 122 | TABLE C1 RESULTS OF VIRTUAL FIT TESTING USING 2 VARIABLES |
| 123 | TABLE C2 RESULTS OF VIRTUAL FIT TESTING USING 5 VARIABLES |
| 124 | FIGURE C2 โ PLOT SHOWING TRADEOFF BETWEEN TWO SEAT DIMENSIONS AND OVERALL ACCOMMODATION |
| 125 | FIGURE C3 โ THE PERCENTAGE OF TARGET USER POPULATION THAT IS ACCOMMODATED FOR DIFFERENT SEAT HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT RANGES |
| 126 | FIGURE C4 โ ILLUSTRATION OF PERCENTILES OF SEATED HIP BREADTH TABLE C3 QUANTILES OF BODY DIMENSIONS WITHOUT ALLOWANCES |
| 128 | FIGURE C5 โ SCHEMATIC ILLUSTRATION OF PCA IN TWO DIMENSIONS |
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