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ASME PTC 4.4 08 2008

ASME PTC 4.4 08 2008

$98.04

ASME PTC 4.4 Gas Turbine Heat Recovery Steam Generators

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2008 154
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PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
4 CONTENTS
5 Figures
Tables
6 NOTICE
7 FOREWORD
8 COMMITTEE ROSTER
10 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC COMMITTEE
12 Section 1 Object and Scope
1- 1 OBJECT
1- 2 SCOPE
13 1- 3 TEST UNCERTAINTY
14 Section 2 Definitions of Terms, Symbols, and Conversion Factors
2- 1 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
17 2- 2 SYMBOLS
21 2- 3 CONVERSION FACTORS
23 2- 4 DESCRIPTIVE FIGURES
25 2- 4- 1 Typical Gas Turbine Heat Recovery Steam Generator Diagram
26 2- 4- 2 Typical Three Pressure Level HRSG With Supplementary Firing
27 2- 4- 3 Typical Two Pressure Level HRSG With Feedwater Heater and Supplementary Firing
28 2- 4- 4 Typical Single Pressure Level HRSG With Feedwater Heater and Supplementary Firing
29 Section 3 Guiding Principles
3- 1 INTRODUCTION
3- 2 PLANNING FOR THE TEST
3- 2.1 Test Procedure
3- 1- 1 Typical Range of Uncertainties
30 3- 2.2 Responsibilities of Parties
3- 2.3 Test Boundary
3- 2.4 Required Measurements
3- 2.4.1 Gas Turbine Exhaust.
3- 2.4.2 Ambient Conditions.
3- 2.4.3 Water and Steam Streams.
3- 2.4.4 Auxiliary Firing Input.
3- 2.4.5 Auxiliary Systems.
3- 2.4.6 Gas Side Pressure Drop.
3- 2.4.7 Steam and Water Pressure Drop.
31 3- 2.5 Design, Construction, and Startup Considerations
3- 3 PRIOR AGREEMENTS
32 3- 4 TEST PREPARATIONS
3- 4.1 Schedule of Test Activities
3- 4.2 Test Apparatus
33 3- 4.3 Test Personnel
3- 4.4 Equipment Inspection
3- 4.5 Preliminary Run
3- 4.6 Documentation of Correction Methodology
3- 5 CONDUCTING THE TEST
3- 5.1 Starting and Stopping Tests and Test Runs
34 3- 5.1.1 Starting Criteria.
3- 5.1.2 Stopping Criteria.
3- 5.2 Methods of Operation Prior to and During Tests
3- 5.2.1 Equipment Operation.
3- 5.2.2 Proximity to Design Conditions.
3- 5.2.3 Blowdown.
3- 5.3 Adjustments Prior to and During the Test
35 3- 5.4 Application of Corrections
3- 5.5 Duration of Runs
3- 5.6 Number of Test Runs
3- 5.3- 1 Suggested Maximum Permissible Variations in Test Conditions
36 3- 5.7 Number of Readings
3- 6 CALCULATION, ANALYSIS, AND REPORTING OF RESULTS
3- 6.1 Causes for Rejection of Readings
3- 6.2 Repeatability of Test Runs
37 3- 6.3 Comparison of Capacity From GT and HRSG Heat Balances
3- 6.4 Test Uncertainty
3- 6.2- 1 Repeatability of Runs
38 3- 6.4.1 Pretest and Post- Test Uncertainty Analyses.
3- 6.5 Test Report
39 Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement
4- 1 INTRODUCTION
4- 2 GENERAL
4- 2.1 Supplements
4- 2.2 Location and Identification of Instruments
4- 2.3 Sources of Error
4- 2.4 Instrument Calibration
4- 2.4.1 Definition of Calibration.
40 4- 2.4.2 Reference Standards.
4- 2.4.3 Ambient Conditions.
4- 2.4.4 Instrument Ranges and Calibration Points.
4- 2.4.5 Timing of Calibration.
4- 2.4.6 Calibration Drift.
41 4- 2.4.7 Loop Checks.
4- 2.4.8 Quality Assurance Program.
4- 2.5 Plant Instrumentation
4- 2.6 Redundant Instrumentation
42 4- 3 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
4- 3.1 General
4- 3.2 Measurement Systematic Uncertainty for Temperature
43 4- 3.3 Typical Applications
4- 3.3.1 Temperature Measurement of Fluid in a Pipe or Vessel.
4- 3.2- 1 List of Potential Sources and Typical Ranges of Uncertainties
44 4- 3.3.2 Temperature Measurement of Products of Combustion in a Duct.
45 4- 3.3.3 Inlet Air Temperature.
46 4- 3.3.4 Inlet Air Moisture Content.
47 4- 4 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
4- 4.1 General
4- 4.2 Measurement Systematic Uncertainty for Pressure
4- 4.3 Air and Gas— Static and Differential Pressure
4- 4.3.1 Method of Measurement.
48 4- 4.4 Steam and Water— Static and Differential Pressure
4- 4.4.1 Method of Measurement.
4- 4.4.2 Installation.
4- 4.2- 1 Potential Pressure Systematic Uncertainty Limits
49 4- 4.5 Barometric Pressure
4- 4.5.1 Method of Measurement.
4- 5 FLOW MEASUREMENT
4- 5.1 General
4- 5.2 Flowmeters
4- 5.2.1 Compliance With Code Requirements.
4- 5.2- 1 Maximum Allowable Flow Measurement Uncertainty
50 4- 5.2.2 Plant Design Considerations.
4- 5.2.4 Calculation of Flow.
4- 5.2.5 Accuracy and Other Characteristics of Flowmeters.
4- 5.2.6 Selection of Flowmeters.
4- 5.2.7 Energy and Mass Balance Calculation.
4-5.3 Air and Exhaust Gas
4- 5.4 Liquid Fuel
51 4- 5.4.1 Method of Measurement.
4- 5.5 Gaseous Fuel
4- 5.5.1 Method of Measurement.
4-6 LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUEL SAMPLING
4- 6.1 General
4- 6.2 Measurement Systematic Uncertainty for Sampling
4- 6.3 Methods of Liquid or Gas Sampling
52 4- 6.4 Fuel Analysis
4- 6.5 Methods of Fuel Analysis
4- 7 POWER MEASUREMENT
4- 8 DATA COLLECTION AND HANDLING 4- 8.1 Data Collection and Calculation Systems
4-8.1 Data Collection and Calculation Systems
4- 8.1.2 Data Calculations.
4- 8.2 Data Management
4- 8.2.1 Storage of Data.
4- 8.2.2 Manually Collected Data.
4- 8.2.3 Distribution of Data.
53 4- 8.3 Construction of Data Collection Systems
4-8.3.1 Design of Data Collection System Hardware.
4- 8.3.2 Calibration of Data Collection Systems.
4- 8.3.3 Use of Existing Plant Measurement and Control System.
54 Section 5 Calculations
5- 1 INTRODUCTION 5- 1.1 General Discussion
5- 1.2 Data Reduction
5- 2 INTERMEDIATE CALCULATIONS 5- 2.1 Air Composition Calculations 5- 2.1.1 General.
55 5- 2.1.2 Data Required
5- 2.1.3 Calculations
57 5- 2.2 Molar Flow Change Due to Fuel Gas Combustion 5- 2.2.1 General.
5- 2.2.2 Data Required
5- 2.2.3 Table of Combustion Ratios.
Table 5- 2.2.3- 1 Combustion Ratios
58 5- 2.2.4 Calculations
5- 2.3 Molar Flow Change Due to Fuel Oil Combustion 5- 2.3.1 General.
5- 2.3.2 Data Required
59 5- 2.3.3 Calculations
5- 2.4 Fuel Gas Heating Value 5- 2.4.1 General.
5- 2.4.2 Data Required
5- 2.4.3 Fuel Compound Heating Value Table.
5- 2.4.4 Calculations
60 Table 5- 2.4.3- 1 Fuel Compound Heating Values
5- 2.5 Fuel Oil Heating Value 5- 2.5.1 General.
5- 2.5.2 Data Required
5-2.4.3-1 Fuel Compound Heating Values
61 5- 2.5.3 Calculations
5- 2.6 Gas Enthalpy 5- 2.6.1 General.
5- 2.6.2 Data Required
5- 2.6.3 Enthalpy Equation Constants.
Table 5- 2.6.3- 1 Constituent Enthalpy Equation Constants
5-2.6.3-1 Constituent Enthalpy Equation Constants
62 5- 2.6.4 Calculations
5- 2.7 Gas Turbine Gas Composition 5- 2.7.1 General.
5- 2.7.2 Data Required
5- 2.7.3 Calculations
5- 2.8 Desuperheater Spray Water Flow by Heat Balance 5- 2.8.1 General.
63 5- 2.8.2 Data Required
5- 2.8.3 Calculations
5- 2.9 Extraction Flow by Heat Balance 5- 2.9.1 General.
5- 2.9.2 Data Required
5- 2.9.3 Calculations
5- 3 GAS FLOW BY HRSG ENERGY BALANCE 5- 3.1 HRSG Gas Flow Calculations 5- 3.1.1 General.
64 5- 3.1.2 Data Required
5- 3.1.3 Calculations.
66 5- 3.2 Duct Burner Gas Composition 5- 3.2.1 General.
5- 3.2.2 Data Required
5- 3.2.3 Calculations
67 5- 3.3 HRSG Heat Loss
5- 4 GAS FLOW BY GAS TURBINE ENERGY BALANCE 5- 4.1 Gas Turbine Gas Flow Calculations 5- 4.1.1 General.
68 5- 5 WEIGHTED CAPACITY 5- 5.1 General
5- 5.2 Data Required
5- 5.3 Calculations
69 5- 6 CORRECTION OF TEST CONDITIONS TO GUARANTEE 5- 6.1 Correction of Steam Flow for Superheat
5- 6.2 Capacity
5- 6.3 Duct Burner Fuel Flow
70 5- 6.4 Gas Side Pressure Drop 5- 6.4.1 General.
5- 6.4.2 Data Required.
5- 6.4.3 Calculations.
71 5- 6.5 Steam Side Pressure Drop 5- 6.5.1 General.
5- 6.5.2 Data Required.
5- 6.5.3 Calculations
72 Section 6 Report of Results
6- 1 GENERAL
6- 2 SECTION 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
6- 3 SECTION 2: INTRODUCTION
6- 4 SECTION 3: TEST DATA
6- 5 SECTION 4: DATA REDUCTION, CORRECTIONS, AND RESULTS
73 6- 6 SECTION 5: APPENDICES
74 Section 7 Uncertainty Analysis
7- 1 INTRODUCTION
7- 1.1 Pretest Uncertainty Analysis and Test Planning
7- 2 UNCERTAINTY CALCULATION 7- 2.1 Pretest and Post- Test Uncertainty
7- 2.2 Uncertainty Calculation Procedure
77 7- 3 GUIDANCE FOR DETERMINING SYSTEMATIC ERRORS
78 7- 3.1 General Rules
7- 3.2 Systematic Error in Measured Parameters From Instrumentation
7- 3.3 Systematic Error in Gas Turbine HRSG Exhaust Temperature and Stack Temperature
80 MANDATORY APPENDIX
I EXHAUST FLOW BY GAS TURBINE ENERGY BALANCE
I- 1 INTRODUCTION
I- 2 GENERAL
Fig. I- 2- 1 Exhaust Flow
81 I- 3 DATA REQUIRED
I- 4 CALCULATIONS
82 I- 5 GAS TURBINE MISCELLANEOUS HEAT LOSS
83 NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
A SAMPLE HRSG HEAT BALANCE CALCULATIONS
94 B SAMPLE GAS TURBINE HEAT BALANCE CALCULATIONS
104 C UNCERTAINTY SAMPLE CALCULATION
120 D FUEL SENSIBLE HEAT
D- 1 INTRODUCTION
D- 2 FUEL OIL
D- 3 FUEL GAS
121 Table D- 3- 1 Specific Heat at 124
F 14.7 psia 100 psia 300 psia
Table D- 3- 2 Specific Heat at 100 psia
D- 4 REFERENCES
122 E GAS ENTHALPY EQUATION DERIVATION
125 F HRSG HEAT LOSS
F- 1 HRSG HEAT LOSS
F- 1.1 Insulated Casing Design Criteria
128 G BYPASS DAMPER LEAKAGE
129 H UNCERTAINTY WORKSHEET FORM

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