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ASME BPVC IV 2023

ASME BPVC IV 2023

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ASME BPVC.IV-2023 Section IV, Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2023 283
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This Section provides requirements for design, fabrication, installation and inspection of steam heating, hot water heating, hot water supply boilers, and potable water heaters intended for low pressure service that are directly fired by oil, gas, electricity, coal or other solid or liquid fuels. It contains appendices which cover approval of new material, methods of checking safety valve and safety relief valve capacity, examples of methods of checking safety valve and safety relief valve capacity, examples of methods of calculation and computation, definitions relating to boiler design and welding, and quality control systems. Rules pertaining to use of the H, HV, and HLW ASME Product Certification Marks are also included. Careful application of this Section will help users to comply with applicable regulations within their jurisdictions, while achieving the operational, cost and safety benefits to be gained from the many industry best-practices detailed within these volumes. Intended for manufacturers, users, constructors, designers and others concerned with the design, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection and testing of pressure vessels, plus all potential governing entities.

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PDF Pages PDF Title
5 TABLE OF CONTENTS
15 LIST OF SECTIONS
16 FOREWORD
18 STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING
STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
19 PERSONNEL
41 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE COMMITTEE
43 PREAMBLE
44 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
47 CROSS-REFERENCING IN THE ASME BPVC
49 Part HG General Requirements for All Materials of Construction
Article 1 Scope and Service Restrictions
HG-100 Scope
HG-101 Service Restrictions
HG-101.1 Service Restrictions.
HG-101.2 Services in Excess of Those Covered by This Section.
HG-102 Units
50 HG-103 Tolerances
51 Article 2 Material Requirements
HG-200 General Material Requirements
HG-200.1 Materials Subject to Pressure Stress.
HG-200.2 Internal Parts Subject to Deterioration.
HG-200.3 Materials Not Found in Section II.
HG-200.4 Materials Use Not Limited by Specification Title.
HG-200.5 Materials Use Not Limited by Method of Production.
HG-200.6 Materials With Thicknesses Exceeding Specification Limits.
HG-200.7 Nonpressure Part Materials.
HG-201 Specific Material Requirements
52 Article 3 Design
HG-300 Design Pressure
HG-300.1 Vacuum Boilers.
HG-301 Cylindrical Parts Under Internal Pressure
HG-301.1 General.
HG-301.2 Tubes.
HG-305 Formed Heads, Pressure on Concave Side
HG-305.1 General.
53 HG-305.2 Ellipsoidal Heads.
HG-305.3 Torispherical Heads.
HG-305.4 Hemispherical Heads.
HG-305.5 Formed Heads With Stays.
HG-305.6 Inside Crown Radius of Unstayed Heads.
HG-305.7 Heads Built up of Several Shapes.
HG-305.8 Length of Skirts.
HG-305.9 Permissible Diameter of Flat Spots on Formed Heads.
HG-306 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side
HG-306.1
HG-307 Flat Heads
HG-307.1 General.
54 FIGURES
Figure HG-307 Some Acceptable Types of Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers
55 HG-307.2 Thickness of Circular, Flat, Unstayed Heads, Covers, and Blind Flanges.
HG-307.3 Thickness of Noncircular, Flat, Unstayed Heads, Covers, and Blind Flanges.
HG-307.4 Values of C for Use in Equations in HG-307.2 and HG-307.3.
57 HG-307.5 Electric Immersion Heating Element Support Plates.
HG-309 Spherically Dished Covers (Bolted Heads)
HG-309.1 Heads Concave to Pressure.
58 Figure HG-309 Spherically Dished Steel Plate Covers With Bolting Flanges
59 HG-312 Cylindrical Parts Under External Pressure
HG-312.1 Plain Type Furnaces.
HG-312.3 Procedure for Determining Wall Thickness of Plain Furnaces and Tubes.
60 HG-312.4 Ring Reinforced Type Furnace.
HG-312.5 Procedure for Determining Moment of Inertia of Stiffening Rings.
HG-312.6 Corrugated Furnaces.
Figure HG-312.4 Acceptable Type of Ring-Reinforced Furnace
61 HG-312.7 Combination Type Furnaces.
HG-312.8 Semicircular Furnaces or Crown Sheets Subjected to External Pressure.
Figure HG-312.7 Connection Between Plain and Corrugated Furnace
62 HG-320 Openings in Boilers, General Requirements
HG-320.1 Shape of Openings.
HG-320.2 Size of Openings.
Figure HG-312.8 Acceptable Type of Semicircular Furnace Reinforcement
63 HG-320.3 Strength and Design of Finished Openings.
HG-321 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Shells and Formed Heads
HG-321.1 General.
HG-321.2 Design for Internal Pressure.
64 HG-323 Flanged-In Openings in Formed Heads
HG-323.1 Reinforcement Requirements.
HG-323.2 Restrictions on Location.
HG-323.3 Minimum Thickness Requirements of Flanged-In Openings.
HG-323.4 Minimum Flange Depth.
HG-323.5 Minimum Gasket Bearing Surface.
HG-325 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Flat Heads
HG-325.1 General.
HG-325.2 Specific Requirements.
Figure HG-321 Chart for Determining Values of F
TABLES
Table HG-321 Values of Spherical Radius Factor K1
65 HG-326 Limits of Metal Available for Reinforcement
HG-326.1 Designation of Limits of Reinforcement.
HG-326.2 Limits of Reinforcement Parallel to Boiler Shell.
HG-326.3 Limits of Reinforcement Normal to Boiler Shell.
HG-326.4 Use of Excess Boiler Shell and Other Thicknesses.
66 Figure HG-326.1 Some Representative Configurations Describing the Reinforcement Dimension, te, and the Finished Opening Dimension, d
67 HG-327 Strength of Reinforcement
HG-327.1 Strength of Nozzle and Added Material.
HG-327.2 Strength of Attachment Material.
HG-328 Reinforcement for Multiple Openings
HG-328.1 When Limits of Reinforcement Overlap.
HG-328.2 Combined Reinforcement for Multiple Openings.
HG-328.3 When Reinforcing Each of a Series of Openings Is Impractical.
HG-330 Inspection and Access Openings
HG-330.1 General Inspection Openings.
68 Figure HG-326.2 Nomenclature and Formulas for Reinforced Openings
69 HG-330.2 Manholes.
HG-330.3 Size of Manholes and Gasket Surfaces.
HG-330.4 Handholes and Washout Plugs.
HG-330.5 Access Doors.
HG-340 Stayed Surfaces
HG-340.1 Required Thickness and Design Pressure.
70 HG-340.2 Proportions of Through-Stays With Washers
HG-340.3 Maximum Pitch of Stays.
HG-340.4 Unsymmetrical Staying.
Figure HG-340.1 Pitch of Staybolts Adjacent to Upper Corners of Fireboxes
Figure HG-340.2 Acceptable Proportions for Ends of Through-Stays
71 HG-340.5 Stay Distance to Corner Joints, Welded Joints, and Flanges.
HG-340.6 Allowable Pitch of Stays.
HG-341 Staybolts
HG-341.1 Threaded Staybolts.
HG-341.2 Staybolts Upset for Threading.
HG-341.3 Staybolts Fitted With Nuts.
HG-341.4 Welded-In Staybolts.
HG-342 Dimensions of Stays
HG-342.1 Required Area of Stays.
HG-342.2 Load Carried by Stays.
HG-342.3 Stays Longer Than 120 Diameters.
HG-342.4 Stays Fabricated by Welding.
Figure HG-340.3 Examples of Acceptable Corner Welds for Pressures Not Over 30 psi
72 Table HG-340 Allowable Pitch of Stays, in. (mm) (Limited by HG-340.3)
73 HG-342.5 Minimum Cross-Sectional Area.
HG-342.6 Minimum Diameter of Nonferrous Stays.
HG-343 Dimensions of Diagonal Stays
HG-343.1 Required Area of Diagonal Stays.
HG-343.2 Diagonal Stays for Segments of Tubesheets.
HG-345 Staying of Heads
HG-345.1 General.
74 HG-346 Tubesheets with Firetubes Used as Stays
HG-346.1 Required Thickness, Maximum Pitch, and Design Pressure.
HG-346.2 Maximum Pitch of Firetubes Used as Stays.
HG-346.3 Calculating Firetubes Used as Stays.
Figure HG-343 Details of Installation of Diagonal Stays
75 Figure HG-345.1(a) Sketch Showing Application of HG-345.1 to the Staying of Boilers
76 Figure HG-345.1(b) Sketch Showing Application of HG-345.1 to the Staying of Boilers
77 HG-346.4 Dimensions and Welding of Firetubes Used as Stays.
HG-350 Ligaments
HG-350.1 General.
HG-350.2 Openings Parallel to Shell Axis.
HG-350.3 Openings Transverse to Shell Axis.
HG-350.4 Holes Along a Diagonal.
HG-360 Requirements for Tube Holes and Tube Attachments
HG-360.1 Tube Holes and Ends.
Figure HG-350.1 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Equal in Every Row
78 HG-360.2 Attachment of Firetubes.
Figure HG-350.2 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Unequal in Every Second Row
79 HG-360.3 Attachment of Watertubes.
Figure HG-350.3 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Varying in Every Second and Third Row
Figure HG-350.4 Example of Tube Spacing With Tube Holes on Diagonal Lines
Table HG-360 Permitted O-Ring Materials
80 HG-370 External Piping Connections
HG-370.1 Threaded Connections.
HG-370.2 Flanged Connections.
HG-370.3 Welded or Brazed Connections.
Table HG-370 Minimum Thickness of Material for Threaded Connections to Boilers
81 Article 4 Pressure-Relieving Devices
82 Article 4A Overpressure Protection
HG-400A General Requirements
HG-401A Responsibility
HG-402A Pressure Relief Valve Requirements
HG-402A.1 Pressure Relief Valve Requirements for Steam Boilers.
HG-402A.2 Pressure Relief Valve Requirements for Hot Water Heating and Supply Boilers.
83 HG-402A.3 Pressure Relief Valves for Tanks and Heat Exchangers.
84 HG-402A.4 Pressure Relief Valves for Potable Water Heaters.
HG-403A Heating Surface
85 Article 5 Tests, Inspection, and Marking
HG-500 Proof Tests to Establish Design Pressure
HG-501 General
HG-501.1 Types of Tests.
HG-501.2 Retests.
HG-501.3 Precautions.
HG-501.4 Pressure Application.
HG-501.5 Critical Areas.
HG-501.6 Yield Strength and Tensile Strength.
86 HG-502 Procedure
HG-502.1 Strain Measurement Test.
HG-502.2 Displacement Measurement Test.
87 HG-502.3 Bursting Tests.
HG-502.4 Brittle Coating Test Procedure.
88 HG-503 Tests of Parts Subject to Collapse
HG-504 Tests of Duplicate Parts
HG-505 Test Gages
HG-506 Inspection of Proof Tests
HG-510 Hydrostatic Tests
89 HG-511 Pneumatic Tests
HG-512 Pressure Relief Valve Accumulation Tests
HG-515 Inspection Tests and Certification of Boilers
HG-515.1 General.
HG-515.2 Manufacturer’s Responsibility.
90 HG-515.3 Inspection by an Authorized Inspector.
91 HG-515.4 Duty of Authorized Inspector.
HG-520 Manufacturer’s Data Reports
HG-520.1 Manufacturer’s Master Data Report.
HG-520.2 Manufacturer’s Partial Data Reports.
92 HG-520.3 Manufacturer’s Data Report Supplementary Sheet.
HG-520.4 Multipage Manufacturer’s Data Reports.
HG-530 Marking of Boilers
HG-530.1 Marking Requirements for Boilers (and Economizers Built to Mandatory Appendix 10) Other Than Those Constructed Primarily of Cast Iron or Cast Aluminum (See HG-530.2).
Figure HG-530.1 Official Certification Mark to Denote the American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ Standard
93 HG-530.2 Marking Requirements for Cast Iron or Cast Aluminum Boilers.
Figure HG-530.2 Steam and Water Boilers Form of Marking on Completed Boilers or Their Nameplates (Not Applicable for Boilers Constructed Primarily of Cast Iron)
Figure HG-530.3 Boilers Suitable for Water Only Form of Marking on Completed Boilers or Their Nameplates (Not Applicable for Boilers Constructed Primarily of Cast Iron)
94 Figure HG-530.4 Steam and Water Boilers Form of Data Cast or Marked on Cast Iron Boiler Sections
Figure HG-530.5 Boilers Suitable for Water Only Form of Data Cast or Marked on Cast Iron Boiler Sections
95 Figure HG-530.6 Boilers Suitable for Water Only Form of Data Cast or Marked on Cast Aluminum Boiler Sections
Figure HG-530.7 Steam and Water Boilers Form of Marking on Completed Cast Iron Boilers or Their Nameplates
Figure HG-530.8 Boilers Suitable for Water Only Form of Marking on Completed Cast Iron or Cast Aluminum Boilers or Their Nameplates
96 HG-530.3 Modular Boilers.
HG-531 Marking of Parts and Accessories
HG-532 Marking of Field-Assembled Wrought Boilers
HG-532.1 Responsibility of Manufacturer of Boiler.
HG-532.2 Completion of Manufacturer’s Data Report Form.
HG-532.3 Applying the Certification Mark and Certifying Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms.
Figure HG-531.1 Form of Marking on Part or Accessory — H Designator
97 HG-533 Inspection and Marking of Field-Assembled Boiler Pressure Parts
HG-533.1 Authorized Assemblers and Welders.
HG-533.2 Completion of Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms.
HG-533.3 Field Inspection by Authorized Inspector.
HG-533.4 Application of Assembler’s Certification Mark.
HG-533.5 Application for Certification Mark With H Designator.
HG-533.6 Certificate of Field Inspection.
HG-533.7 Mechanical Field Assembly.
HG-534 Field-Assembled Cast Iron Boilers
HG-534.1 Hydrostatic Tests.
HG-534.2 Marking.
HG-534.3 Assembly Instructions.
Figure HG-531.2 Form of Marking on Part or Accessory — PRT IV Designator
98 HG-540 Certification Marks
HG-540.1 Authorization.
HG-540.2 Application for a Certificate of Authorization.
HG-540.3 Designated Oversight.
HG-540.4 Quality Control System.
HG-540.5 Evaluation for Authorization and Reauthorization.
HG-540.6 Authorization of Changes.
HG-540.7 Code Construction Before Receipt of Certificate of Authorization.
HG-540.8 Regulations on Use of the Certification Mark.
99 Article 6 Instruments, Fittings, and Controls
HG-600 General
HG-601 For Steam Heating Boilers
HG-602 Steam Gages
HG-603 Water Gage Glasses
100 HG-604 Water Column and Water Level Control Pipes
HG-605 Pressure Control
HG-606 Automatic Low-Water Fuel Cutoff and/or Water Feeding Device
101 HG-610 For Hot Water Heating or Hot Water Supply Boilers
HG-611 Pressure or Altitude Gages
HG-612 Thermometers/Temperature Sensors
HG-613 Temperature Control
HG-614 Low-Water Fuel Cutoff
102 HG-620 For All Boilers
HG-621 Instruments, Fittings, and Controls Mounted Inside Boiler Jackets
HG-630 Electric Wiring
HG-631 Electrical Code Compliance
HG-632 Type Circuitry to be Used
HG-633 Limit Controls
HG-634 Shutdown Switches and Circuit Breakers
HG-640 Controls and Heat Generating Apparatus
104 Article 7 Installation Requirements
HG-700 Installation Requirements, All Boilers
HG-701 Mounting Pressure Relief Valves
HG-701.1 Permissible Mounting.
HG-701.2 Requirements for Common Connections for Two or More Valves.
HG-701.3 Threaded Connections.
HG-701.4 Prohibited Mountings.
HG-701.5 Use of Shutoff Valves Prohibited.
HG-701.6 Pressure Relief Valve Discharge Piping.
HG-701.7 Temperature and Pressure Relief Valves.
105 HG-703 Piping
HG-703.1 Provisions for Expansion and Contraction.
HG-703.2 Return Pipe Connections.
HG-705 Feedwater and Makeup Water Connections
HG-707 Oil Heaters
HG-708 Storage Tanks for Hot Water Supply Systems
HG-709 Provisions for Thermal Expansion in Hot Water Systems
106 Figure HG-703.1(a) Steam Boilers in Battery — Pumped Return — Acceptable Piping Installation
107 Figure HG-703.1(b) Steam Boilers in Battery — Gravity Return — Acceptable Piping Installation
108 Figure HG-703.2 Hot Water Boilers in Battery — Acceptable Piping Installation
109 HG-709.1 Heating Systems With Open Expansion Tank.
HG-709.2 Closed Heating Systems.
HG-709.3 Hot Water Supply Systems.
HG-710 Stop Valves
HG-710.1 For Single Steam Boilers.
HG-710.2 For Single Hot Water Heating Boilers.
HG-710.3 For Multiple Boiler Installations.
Table HG-709.2 Expansion Tank Capacities for Forced Hot Water Systems
110 HG-710.4 Type of Stop Valve(s).
HG-715 Bottom Blowoff and Drain Valves
HG-720 Setting
HG-725 Methods of Support
HG-725.1 Loadings.
HG-725.2 Boilers Over 72 in. (1 800 mm) in Diameter.
HG-725.3 Boilers Over 54 in. (1 400 mm) up to 72 in. (1 800 mm) in Diameter.
Table HG-715 Size of Bottom Blowoff Piping, Valves, and Cocks
111 HG-725.4 Boilers up to 54 in. (1 400 mm) in Diameter.
HG-725.5 Supporting Members.
HG-725.6 Lugs or Hangers.
Figure HG-725(a) Spacing and Weld Details for Supporting Lugs in Pairs on Horizontal-Return Tubular Boiler
Figure HG-725(b) Welded Bracket Connection for Horizontal-Return Tubular Boiler
112 HG-725.7 Settings.
113 Article 8 Modular Boilers
HG-800 Inspection and Access Openings
HG-801 Marking and Certification of Modular Boilers and Use of Manufacturer’s Modular Master Data Reports
HG-802 Instruments, Fittings, and Controls
HG-802.1 Modular Steam Heating Boilers.
114 HG-802.2 Modular Hot Water Heating and Hot Water Supply Boilers.
HG-803 Installation Requirements
HG-803.1 Modular Boilers.
HG-803.2 Modular Steam Heating Boilers.
HG-803.3 Modular Hot Water Heating and Hot Water Supply Boilers.
116 Part HF Requirements for Boilers Constructed of Wrought Materials
Article 1 General
HF-100 Scope
117 Article 2 Material Requirements
HF-200 General Material Requirements
HF-201 Plate
HF-202 Rods, Bars, and Shapes
HF-203 Prefabricated or Preformed Pressure Parts
HF-203.1 Cast, Forged, Rolled, or Die-Formed Standard Pressure Parts.
118 HF-203.2 Cast, Forged, Rolled, or Die-Formed Nonstandard Pressure Parts.
HF-203.3 Welded Standard Pressure Parts for Use Other Than the Shell of a Boiler.20
HF-204 Pipe and Tubes
HF-204.1 Integrally Finned Tubes.
HF-204.2 Electric Resistance Welded Fin Tubes.
HF-204.4 Laser-Welded Fin Tubes.
119 HF-205 Material Not Fully Identified
HF-205.1 Acceptance by Authentic Test Record and Marking.
HF-205.2 Acceptance by Testing.
HF-205.3 Marking and Report on Tests of Nonidentified Material.
120 HF-206 Recertification of Material Produced to a Specification Not Permitted by This Section
HF-207 Austenitic Stainless Steel
HF-210 Maintaining Material Identification
121 Article 3 Design Stresses and Minimum Thicknesses
HF-300 Maximum Allowable Stress Values
HF-301 Minimum Thicknesses
HF-301.1 Ferrous Plates.
HF-301.2 Nonferrous Plates.
HF-302 Basis for Establishing Stress Values in Section II, Part D, Table 6A or Table 6B
122 Part HF — Subpart HW Requirements for Boilers Fabricated by Welding
Article 4 General Requirements
HW-400 Scope
HW-401 Responsibility of Manufacturer or Contractor
123 Article 5 Material Requirements
HW-500 Permissible Materials
HW-501 Materials of Different Specifications
HW-502 Materials for Small Parts
124 Article 6 Welding Processes and Qualifications
HW-600 Welding Processes
HW-610 Welding Qualifications
HW-611 No Production Work Without Qualifications
HW-612 Interchange of Qualifying Tests Among Manufacturers Prohibited
HW-613 Maintenance of Records of Qualifications and Identifying Marks
125 Article 7 Design of Weldments
HW-700 Design of Welded Joints
HW-701 General Requirements
HW-701.1 Butt Joints.
HW-701.2 Lap Joints.
HW-701.3 Corner or Tee Joints.
HW-701.4 Single Fillet Joints for Lap Attachment of U-Bend Tubes.
126 HW-702 Joint Efficiencies
HW-702.1 Joint Efficiencies for External Pressure Design.
HW-703 Minimum Thickness of Welded Parts
HW-710 Welded Stays
HW-710.1 Insertion of Stays.
HW-710.2 Projection of Stays Exposed to Primary Furnace Gases.
HW-710.3 Welding of Stays.
HW-710.4 Welding of Diagonal Stays.
Figure HW-701.1 Butt Welding of Plates of Unequal Thickness
127 Figure HW-701.3 Some Forms of Attachments of Pressure Parts to Flat Plates to Form a Corner Joint (Tee Joint)
128 Figure HW-710.4(a) Some Acceptable Types of Diagonal Stays for Installation by Welding
Figure HW-710.4(b) Unacceptable Types of Diagonal Stays for Installation by Welding
129 HW-711 Heads or Tubesheets Attached by Welding
HW-711.1 Flanged Heads or Tubesheets.
HW-711.2 Unflanged Heads or Tubesheets.
HW-712 Furnace Attachments
HW-712.1 For Pressures Not More Than 30 psi (200 kPa).
HW-712.2 For Pressures in Excess of 30 psi (200 kPa).
HW-713 Tubes Attached by Welding
130 HW-715 Head-to-Shell Attachments
HW-720 Openings in Welds
HW-730 Welded Connections
HW-730.1 Strength of Attachment Welds.
Table HW-713 Firetube Extension Through Tubesheets for Welded Construction
131 HW-730.2 Stress Values for Weld Metal.
HW-730.3 Telltale Holes in Reinforcement Plates and Saddles.
HW-730.4 Stud Welds.
Figure HW-715.1 Heads Attached to Shells
132 HW-731 Minimum Requirements for Attachment Welds
HW-731.1 General.
HW-731.2 Necks Abutting the Boiler Shell.
HW-731.3 Inserted Nozzles Without Added Reinforcement Elements.
HW-731.4 Inserted Nozzles With Added Reinforcement.
HW-731.5 Nozzles With Integral Reinforcement.
HW-731.6 Fittings.
133 Figure HW-731 Some Acceptable Types of Welds for Fittings, Nozzles, and Other Connections to Shells, Drums, and Headers
135 HW-731.7 Fittings and Nozzles Not Exceeding NPS 3 (DN 75).
HW-731.8 Watertube Attachments.
HW-740 Resistance Welding in Carbon Steel for Other Than Butt-Welded Joints
Figure HW-740 Three-Ply Joint Assemblies
137 HW-745 Resistance Welding of Hydraulically Formed Panels
138 Figure HW-745 Two-Ply Joint Assemblies
140 Article 8 Fabrication Requirements
HW-800 Forming Plates
HW-801 Base Metal Preparation
HW-810 Assembly
HW-812 Alignment Tolerance
HW-813 Distortion
141 HW-820 Specific Welding Requirements
HW-820.1 Finished Longitudinal and Circumferential Joints.
HW-820.2 Fillet Welds.
HW-820.3 Double-Welded Butt Joints.
HW-820.4 Stud Welding.
HW-820.5 Procedure and Performance Qualification Tests and Material Requirements for Stud Welding.
HW-820.6 Stud Welding.
HW-820.7  
HW-820.8 Welding (Brazing) by Non-Certificate Holders.
142 HW-820.9 Flash Welding.
HW-830 Repair of Weld Defects
HW-840 Posthydrotest Welding of Nonpressure Parts to Pressure Parts
143 Article 9 Inspection
HW-900 Inspection During Fabrication
HW-910 Check of Welding Procedure Qualifications
HW-911 Check of Welder and Welding Operator Performance Qualifications
144 Part HF — Subpart HB Requirements for Boilers Fabricated by Brazing
Article 10 General Requirements
HB-1000 Scope
HB-1001 Responsibility of Manufacturer or Contractor
145 Article 11 Material Requirements
HB-1100 General
HB-1101 Combinations of Dissimilar Materials
HB-1102 Brazing Filler Metals
HB-1103 Fluxes and Atmospheres
146 Article 12 Brazing Processes, Procedures, and Qualifications
HB-1200 Brazing Processes
HB-1201 Joint Brazing Procedures
HB-1202 Brazing Qualifications and Records
HB-1202.1 Qualification of Brazing Procedures.
HB-1202.2 Qualification of Brazers and Brazing Operators.
HB-1202.3 No Production Work Without Qualifications.
HB-1202.4 Maintenance of Records of Qualifications and Identifying Marks.
147 Article 13 Design
HB-1300 Strength of Brazed Joints
HB-1301 Brazed Joint Efficiency Factors
HB-1302 Minimum Thickness
HB-1303 Permissible Service Temperature
HB-1304 Application of Brazing Filler Metal
HB-1305 Joint Clearance
148 HB-1306 Openings
HB-1307 Brazed Connections
Table HB-1305 Recommended Joint Clearances at Brazing Temperature
149 Article 14 Fabrication Requirements
HB-1400 Cleaning of Surfaces to Be Brazed
HB-1401 Postbrazing Operations
HB-1402 Repair of Defective Brazing
150 Article 15 Inspection and Marking
HB-1500 Inspection
HB-1501 Inspection of Brazing Procedure
HB-1502 Certification of Brazer and Brazing Operator
HB-1503 Visual Examination
HB-1510 Marking
151 Part HC Requirements for Boilers Constructed of Cast Iron
Article 1 General
HC-100 Scope
152 Article 2 Material Requirements
HC-200 General Material Requirements
HC-201 Manufacture
HC-202 Chemical Composition
HC-203 Tensile Strength Classification
HC-204 Test Bars
HC-205 Selection of Test Bar Size
HC-206 Molding and Pouring Test Bars
HC-207 Number of Tests
153 HC-208 Tension Test
HC-209 Tension Test Procedure
HC-210 Tension Retests
Figure HC-204.1 Dimensions of Tensile Test Specimen
154 HC-211 Transverse Test
HC-212 Transverse Test Procedure
HC-213 Transverse Retests
Figure HC-205.1 Cast Test Bars
155 HC-214 Workmanship, Finish, and Repair
HC-215 Examinations and Tests
HC-216 Test Records
Table HC-212 Correction Factors for Transverse Test Bars
156 Table HC-214 Pipe Plug Size for Minimum Wall Thickness
157 Article 3 Design
HC-300 Maximum Allowable Stress Values
HC-301 Basis for Establishing Stress Values in Table HC-300
HC-310 Heads
HC-310.1 Heads With Pressure on Concave Side.
HC-310.2 Heads With Pressure on Convex Side.
HC-311 Spherically Shaped Covers
Table HC-300 Maximum Allowable Stress Values in Tension for Cast Iron, ksi (MPa)
158 HC-311.1 Heads Concave to Pressure.
Figure HC-311 Spherically Shaped Covers With Bolting Flanges
159 HC-315 Openings and Reinforcements
HC-320 Corners and Fillets
HC-325 Washout Openings
160 HC-330 Assembly Method
161 Article 4 Tests
HC-400 Tests to Establish Design Pressure
HC-401 General
HC-401.1 Purpose for Which Tests May Be Used.
HC-401.2 Frequency of Tests.
HC-402 Bursting Test Procedure
HC-402.1 Test Gages.
HC-402.2 Associated Test Bars.
162 HC-403 Witnessing, Recording, and Certifying Tests
HC-404 Rating of Production Boilers Based on Tests
HC-410 Hydrostatic Test
HC-410.1 Steam Boilers.
HC-410.2 Hot Water Boilers.
HC-410.3 Required Test Pressure.
163 Article 5 Quality Control and Inspection
HC-501 General
HC-501.1 Quality Control System.
HC-502 Outline of Features to Be Included in the Written Description of the Quality Control System
HC-502.1 Product or Work Description.
HC-502.2 Authority and Responsibility.
HC-502.3 Organization.
HC-502.4 Drawings, Design Calculations, Test Results, and Specification Control.
HC-502.5 Material Control.
HC-502.6 Examination Program.
164 HC-502.7 Correction of Nonconformities.
HC-502.8 Calibration of Measurement and Test Equipment.
HC-502.9 Sample Forms.
HC-502.10 Retention of Records and Certifications.
HC-502.10.1 Retention of Records.
HC-502.10.2 Certifications.
HC-502.11 ASME Designee.
HC-502.11.1
HC-502.11.2
HC-502.11.3
HC-502.12 Certified Individual (CI).
HC-502.12.1 Requirements for a Certified Individual (CI).
HC-502.12.2 Duties of a Certified Individual (CI).
HC-510 Examination
165 HC-520 Certificates of Conformance
166 Part HA Requirements for Boilers Constructed of Cast Aluminum
Article 1 General
HA-100 Scope
167 Article 2 Material Requirements
HA-200 General Material Requirements
HA-201 Workmanship, Finish, and Repair
HA-202 Examinations and Tests
168 HA-203 Test Records
169 Article 3 Design
HA-300 Maximum Allowable Stress Values
HA-301 Heads and Spherically Shaped Covers
HA-302 Openings and Reinforcements
HA-303 Corners and Fillets
HA-304 Washout Openings
HA-305 Assembly Method
170 Article 4 Tests
HA-400 Tests to Establish Design Pressure
HA-401 General
HA-401.1 Purpose for Which Tests May Be Used.
HA-401.2 Frequency of Tests.
HA-402 Bursting Test Procedure
HA-403 Test Gages
171 HA-404 Witnessing, Recording, and Certifying Tests
HA-405 Rating of Production Boilers Based on Tests
HA-406 Hydrostatic Test
HA-406.1 Hot Water Boilers.
HA-406.2 Required Test Pressure.
HA-407 Pneumatic Tests
173 Article 5 Quality Control and Inspection
HA-501 General
HA-501.1 Quality Control System.
HA-502 Outline of Features to Be Included in the Written Description of the Quality Control System
HA-502.1 Product or Work Description.
HA-502.2 Authority and Responsibility.
HA-502.3 Organization.
HA-502.4 Drawings, Design Calculations, Test Results, and Specification Control.
HA-502.5 Material Control.
HA-502.6 Examination Program.
174 HA-502.7 Correction of Nonconformities.
HA-502.8 Calibration of Measurement and Test Equipment.
HA-502.9 Sample Forms.
HA-502.10 Retention of Records and Certifications.
HA-502.11 ASME Designee.
HA-502.12 Certified Individual (CI).
HA-503 Examination
175 HA-504 Certificates of Conformance
176 Part HLW Requirements for Potable-Water Heaters
Introduction
Article 1 — General
Article 2 — Materials
Article 3 — Design
Article 4 — Weldments
Article 5 — Tests
177 Article 6 — Inspection and Marking
Article 7 — Controls
Article 8 — Installation
178 Article 1 General
HLW-100 Scope
HLW-101 Service Limits
HLW-102 Permissible Marking
HLW-103 Units
180 Article 2 Material Requirements
HLW-200 Lining
181 HLW-201 Primary Pressure Parts Material
HLW-202 Acceptance of Unidentified or Small Quantities of Material
182 HLW-202.1 Plate.
HLW-202.2 Tubes, Pipe, Rods, Bars, and Shapes.
HLW-202.3 Marking and Test Report.
HLW-203 Miscellaneous Pressure Parts Material
HLW-204 Flanges and Pipe Fittings
HLW-205 Nonpressure Part Material
183 Article 3 Design
HLW-300 Design
HLW-301 Basis for Establishing Stress Values in Section II, Part D, Tables 6C and 6D
HLW-302 Minimum Thicknesses
HLW-303 Shells Under Internal Pressure
184 HLW-305 Blank Unstayed Dished Heads, Pressure on Concave Side
HLW-305.1 General.
HLW-305.2 Ellipsoidal Heads.
HLW-305.3 Torispherical Heads.
HLW-305.4 Inside Crown Radius of Unstayed Heads.
HLW-305.5 Hemispherical Heads.
HLW-306 Blank Unstayed Dished Heads, Pressure on Convex Side
HLW-306.1  
HLW-306.2 Hemispherical Heads.
HLW-307 Tubes
HLW-308 Openings
HLW-308.1  
185 HLW-308.2  
HLW-309 Tubes Attached by Expanding
HLW-310 Storage Tanks
HLW-310.1 Tank Construction.
HLW-310.2 Inspection Openings.
186 Article 4 Design of Weldments
HLW-400 Design of Welded Joints
HLW-401 General Requirements
HLW-401.1 Butt Joints.
HLW-401.2 Corner or Tee Joints.
HLW-401.3 Alignment Tolerance.
HLW-401.4 Distortion.
Figure HLW-401.1 Butt Welding of Plates of Unequal Thickness
187 HLW-402 Joint Efficiencies
Figure HLW-401.2 Typical Corner Joints
Table HLW-401.3-1 Alignment Tolerance
188 HLW-402.1 Joint Efficiencies for External Pressure Design.
HLW-411 Heads or Tubesheets Attached by Welding
HLW-411.1
HLW-411.2
HLW-413 Tubes Attached by Welding
HLW-415 Head-to-Shell Attachments
HLW-420 Openings in Welds
HLW-430 Welded Connections
HLW-430.1 Strength of Attachment Welds.
189 Figure HLW-411 Typical Water Heater Welded Joints
191 Figure HLW-413 Tubes Attached by Welding
192 Figure HLW-415 Heads Attached to Shells
193 HLW-430.2 Stress Values for Weld Metal.
HLW-431 Minimum Requirements for Attachment Welds
HLW-431.1 General.
HLW-431.2 Inserted Nozzles Without Added Reinforcement Elements.
HLW-431.3 Inserted Nozzles With Added Reinforcement.
HLW-431.4 Nozzles With Integral Reinforcement.
HLW-431.5 Fittings With Internal Threads and Studded Pads.
194 Figure HLW-431.1 Some Acceptable Types of Welds for Fittings, Nozzles, and Other Connections to Shells and Head
195 Figure HLW-431.5 Some Acceptable Types of Welds for Fittings, Nozzles, and Other Connections to Shells and Head
196 HLW-431.6 Fittings Attached by Resistance Welding.
HLW-431.7 Stud Welds for Covers.
HLW-431.8 Stud Welds for Internally Threaded Fittings.
197 HLW-431.9 Friction Welding.
HLW-432 Brazed Connections for Copper Lined Vessels
HLW-440 Welding Processes
HLW-450 Welding Qualifications
HLW-451 Production Work Qualifications
HLW-452 Interchange of Qualifying Tests Among Manufacturers Prohibited
HLW-453 Maintenance of Records of Qualifications and Identifying Marks
198 Figure HLW-432.1 Some Acceptable Types of Brazed Fittings, Nozzles, and Other Connections to Copper-Lined Shells and Heads
199 HLW-454 Posthydrotest Welding of Nonpressure Parts to Pressure Parts
HLW-460 Specific Welding Requirements
HLW-460.1 Finished Longitudinal and Circumferential Joints.
HLW-460.2 Fillet Welds.
HLW-460.3 Double-Welded Butt Joints.
HLW-460.4 Repair of Weld Defects.
HLW-460.5 Stud Welding.
HLW-460.6 Procedure and Performance Qualification Tests and Material Requirements for Stud Welding.
HLW-460.7 Stud Welding.
200 HLW-460.8 Tack Welds.
HLW-460.9 Friction Welding.
201 Article 5 Tests
HLW-500 Tests to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure and Production Line Tests
HLW-501 General
HLW-502 Proof Test
HLW-502.1 Test Procedure.
202 HLW-502.2 Test Gages.
HLW-503 Testing of Parts
HLW-503.1
HLW-503.2
HLW-504 Witnessing, Recording, and Certifying Tests
HLW-505 Hydrostatic Test
HLW-505.1
HLW-505.2
203 HLW-505.3
204 Article 6 Inspection and Marking
HLW-600 Inspection and Certification
HLW-600.1 Inspection by Authorized Inspector.
HLW-600.2 Manufacturer’s Responsibility.
HLW-600.3 Authorized Inspector’s Duty.
HLW-601 Manufacturer’s Data and Partial Data Reports
HLW-601.1 Manufacturer’s Data Report.
205 HLW-601.2 Manufacturer’s Partial Data Reports.
HLW-601.3 Manufacturer’s Data Report Supplementary Sheet.
HLW-601.4 Multiple Page Data Reports.
HLW-602 Marking of Water Heaters and Storage Tanks
HLW-602.1 Marking Requirements for Vessels.
206 HLW-602.2 Marking a Proof-Tested Vessel.
HLW-602.3   Marking of Parts and Accessories
Figure HLW-602.1 Official Symbol to Denote The American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ Standard
Figure HLW-602.2 Form of Marking on Completed Water Heaters
208 Article 7 Controls
HLW-700 Controls
HLW-701 Temperature Control
HLW-701.1
HLW-702 Limit Controls
HLW-703 Controls and Heat Generating Apparatus
HLW-704 Electrical Wiring
HLW-704.1 Electrical Code Compliance.
209 Article 8 Installation Requirements
HLW-800 Pressure Relief Valves
HLW-800.1 Pressure Relief Valve Requirements for Water Heaters.
HLW-801 Mounting Pressure Relief Valves
HLW-801.1 Installation.
HLW-801.2 Permissible Mountings.
HLW-801.3 Requirements for Common Connection for Two or More Valves.
210 HLW-801.4 Threaded Connections.
HLW-801.5 Prohibited Mountings.
HLW-801.6 Use of Shutoff Valves Prohibited.
HLW-801.7 Pressure Relief Valve Discharge Piping.
HLW-805 Water Supply
HLW-805.1 Connections.
HLW-805.2 Pressure.
HLW-805.3 Stop Valves.
HLW-809 Provisions for Thermal Expansion in Hot Water Systems
HLW-809.1 Expansion Tank.
HLW-809.2 Piping.
HLW-810 Bottom Drain Valve
211 HLW-820 Thermometer
Figure HLW-809.1 A Typical Acceptable Piping Installation for Storage Water Heaters in Battery
212 Figure HLW-809.2 A Typical Acceptable Piping Installation for Flow Through Water Heater With Provisions for Piping Expansion
Table HLW-809.1 Expansion Tank Capacities for a Water Heater
213 Article 9 Modular Water Heater Requirements
HLW-900 General
HLW-901 Marking
HLW-902 Instruments, Fittings, and Controls
HLW-903 Installation Requirements
215 MANDATORY APPENDICES
Mandatory Appendix 2 Codes, Standards, and Specifications Referenced in Text
2-100 Reference Standards
2-200 Organizations
216 Table 2-100 Codes, Standards, and Specifications Referenced in Text
217 Mandatory Appendix 3 Adhesive Attachment of Nameplates to Casing
3-100 Scope
3-101 Nameplate Application Procedure Qualification
218 Mandatory Appendix 4 Guide to Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms
4-100 Introduction
4-200 Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms
4-300 Certificate of Conformance Forms
219 Table 4-1 Guide for the Preparation of Section IV Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms
222 FORMS
Form H-1 Manufacturer’s Modular Master Data Report for Modular Boilers or Modular Water Heaters
224 Form H-2 Manufacturer’s Data Report for All Types of Boilers Except Waterrtube and Those Made of Cast Iron or Cast Aluminum
226 Form H-3 Manufacturer’s Data Report for Watertube Boilers and Economizers
228 Form H-4 Manufacturer’s Partial Data Report
230 Form H-5 Manufacturer’s Master Data Report for Boilers Constructed From Cast Iron
232 Form H-5A Manufacturer’s Master Data Report for Boilers Constructed From Cast Aluminum
234 Form H-6 Manufacturer’s Data Report Supplementary Sheet
235 Form HC-1 Manufacturer’s Material Certificate of Conformance for Cast Iron Boiler Sections
236 Form HC-2 Manufacturer’s Material Certificate of Conformance for Hydrostatic Testing of Cast Iron Boiler Sections
237 Form HC-3 Manufacturer’s Report for the Application of Nameplates on Cast Iron Boilers
238 Form HA-1 Manufacturer’s Material Certificate of Conformance for Cast Aluminum Boiler Sections
239 Form HA-2 Manufacturer’s Material Certificate of Conformance for Hydrostatic and Pneumatic Testing of Cast Aluminum Boiler Sections
240 Form HA-3 Manufacturer’s Report for the Application of Nameplates on Cast Aluminum Boilers
241 Form HLW-6 Manufacturer’s Data Report for Water Heaters or Storage Tanks
243 Form HLW-7 Manufacturer’s Partial Data Report for Water Heaters and Storage Tanks
245 Form HLW-8 Manufacturer’s Master Data Proof Test Report for Water Heaters or Storage Tanks
246 Mandatory Appendix 5 Vacuum Boilers
5-100 Scope
5-200 Maximum Pressure and Temperature
5-300 Design Parameters
5-400 Welding
5-500 Alternative to Hydrotest
247 5-600 Instruments, Fittings, and Controls
5-700 Inspection Openings
248 Table 6-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations
Mandatory Appendix 6 Standard Units for Use in Equations
249 Mandatory Appendix 7 Rules for Mass-Production of Heating Boilers
7-100 Introduction
7-200 Scope
7-300 General
7-400 Quality Control Procedures
250 7-500 Manufacturer’s Data Reports
252 Mandatory Appendix 8 Criteria for Reapplication of a Certification Mark
253 Mandatory Appendix 9 Establishing Governing Code Editions, Addenda, and Cases for Heating Boilers and Replacement Parts
9-100 General
9-200 Design
9-300 Materials
9-400 Fabrication
9-500 Examination
9-600 Inspection
254 9-700 Testing
9-800 Overpressure Protection
9-900 Field Assembly
9-1000 Certification
255 Mandatory Appendix 10 Requirements for Feedwater Economizers
10-100 General
10-200 Design
10-300 Pressure Relief
256 Table A-100 Guide for Estimating Steaming Capacity Based on Heating Surface
NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
Nonmandatory Appendix A Estimating Pressure Relief Valve Capacity Requirements
A-100 Guide for Estimating Pressure Relief Valve Capacity Based on Heating Surface
257 Nonmandatory Appendix B Method of Checking Pressure Relief Valve Capacity by Measuring Maximum Amount of Fuel That Can Be Burned
B-100 Procedure
B-101 Examples
258 B-102 Heats of Combustion of Fuels
259 Nonmandatory Appendix C Examples of Method of Calculating a Welded Ring Reinforced Furnace
C-100 For a Steam or Hot Water Boiler
260 C-101 For a Hot Water Boiler
261 Figure D-100 Computation of Typical Pad Reinforcement
Nonmandatory Appendix D Examples of Methods of Computation of Openings in Boiler Shells
D-100 Pad Reinforced Opening
D-101 Nozzle Reinforced Opening
262 Figure D-101 Computation of a Typical Nozzle Fitting
264 Nonmandatory Appendix E Terminology
E-100 Terms Relating to Certification
E-101 Terms Relating to Design
266 E-102 Terms Relating to Welding
269 Nonmandatory Appendix F Quality Control System
F-100 General
F-100.1 Quality Control System.
F-202 Outline of Features to Be Included in the Written Description of the Quality Control System
F-202.1 Authority and Responsibility.
F-202.2 Organization.
F-202.3 Drawings, Design Calculations, and Specification Control.
F-202.4 Material Control.
270 F-202.5 Examination and Inspection Program.
F-202.6 Correction of Nonconformities.
F-202.7 Welding or Brazing.
F-202.8 Calibration of Measurement and Test Equipment.
F-202.9 Sample Forms.
F-202.10 Authorized Inspector.
F-202.11 Certifications.
271 Nonmandatory Appendix H List of Abbreviations and Addresses
272 Nonmandatory Appendix K Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization
274 Figure K-1 Sample Certificate of Authorization
275 Nonmandatory Appendix M Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
M-100 Use of Units in Equations
M-200 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents
277 M-300 Soft Conversion Factors
278 Nonmandatory Appendix N Guide to Manufacturer’s Certificate of Conformance for Pressure Relief Valves
279 Nonmandatory Appendix P Guide to the Relocation of Overpressure Protection Requirements
280 ENDNOTES

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