It was originally intended that a three-zone emissions model be developed with the ability to estimate VOC emissions from a falling film, water seal, and channel located below a drain. It was impossible to separate (experimentally) the effects of a falling film from volatilization in an underlying channel or water seal. As such, the effects of a falling film were "lumped" into mass transfer in an underlying channel or water seal.<\/p>\n
Five volatile tracers were used in determining mass transfer parameters for the two-zone model. These tracers spanned a wide range of Henry's law constants, i.e., 0.0015 m3liq\/m3gas to 7.3 m3liq\/m3gas at 25 \u00baC.<\/p>\n
A total of 76 experiments were completed with the use of two separate experimental systems. Twelve of these experiments were completed to study gas-liquid mass transfer in the channel below a process drain. Forty experiments were completed to determine rates of air entrainment in a water seal. Seventeen experiments were completed to study the degree of chemical equilibrium between entrained air bubbles and surrounding liquid in a water seal. Seven experiments were completed to study volatilization across the upstream surface of a water seal. Four additional experiments were completed to ascertain volatilization from a falling film, but were inconclusive and not reported herein. No experiments were completed to determine emissions from a water seal below an inactive drain. No experiments were completed to assess gas-liquid mass transfer in the channel below inactive drains.<\/p>\n
Several variables can affect mass transfer in a process drain. The primary variables that were studied included process flowrate, hydrodynamic regime (disintegrated or intact liquid flow), and Henry's law constant. The effects of molecular-diffusion coefficients were accounted for in some correlations. The effects of temperature were accounted for through variations in liquid molecular diffusion coefficients, water viscosity and, most importantly, Henry's law constant.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fugitive Emissions from Refinery Process Drains<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n
\n Published By<\/td>\n Publication Date<\/td>\n Number of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n API<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n 1999<\/td>\n 97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":487798,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2642],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-487788","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-api","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/487788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/487798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=487788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=487788"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=487788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}